Análisis de irreversibilidades en el comportamiento de un motor Stirling // Analysis of irreversibilities on performance of a Stirling engine
Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio es determinar el efecto de las irreversibilidades (internas y externas)
debidas a la transferencia de calor y las pérdidas de presión debidas a la fricción sobre el
rendimiento de Segunda Ley de un motor Stirling de tipo considerando el volumen muerto. El
motor Stirling es analizado usando un modelo matemático basado en las leyes de la termodinámica
para procesos con una velocidad finita. Se asume un modelo isotérmico de motor con volúmenes de
espacio muerto en la zona caliente, zona fría y en el regenerador. Los resultados obtenidos muestran
que a pesar de que teóricamente el motor Stirling posee un rendimiento igual al de Carnot, en la
práctica su rendimiento puede ser de 2 a 5 veces menor que éste, dependiendo de la eficiencia del
regenerador, del volumen muerto, de la diferencia de temperatura entre fluido y focos térmicos y de
las rpm a que se opere el motor.
Palabras claves: motor Stirling, motor térmico regenerativo, análisis de irreversibilidades.
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Abstract
The study aims to determine the effect of the internal and external irreversibilities caused by heat
transfer and pressure losses due to friction on the Second Law performance of a Stirling engine tipe
with death volume include. The Stirling engine is analyzed using a mathematical model based on
the laws of thermodynamics for processes with finite speed. It is assumed an isothermic model of the
motor with death volume on hot zone, cold zone and regenerator. The results of this study show that
the real cycle efficiency of the Sirling engine is approximately 2 to 5 times minor than the efficiency of
Carnot cycle as function of the regenerator efficiency, death volume, temperature difference between
fluid and termic source and motor speed.
Key words: stirling engine, regenerative heat engine, irreversibilities analysis.
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