Papel de la modelación matemática en la formación de los ingenieros // Role of mathematical modeling in the training of engineers
Abstract
Existe una enorme brecha entre las habilidades matemáticas que requiere el ingeniero, vinculadas
fundamentalmente a las actividades de modelar, interpretar, comunicarse en un lenguaje preciso,
etc., y las habilidades que se forman en los cursos de Matemática, que ponen su mayor énfasis en la
actividad de resolver ejercicios de cálculo. Son variadas las causas de este fenómeno, que no es
exclusivo de Cuba. El conocimiento científico en general, es concebido por las prácticas sociales, y
sin embargo se ha considerado en muchas ocasiones el estudio de las matemáticas como el trabajo
con conceptos abstractos, es decir alejados de la actividad humana. La modelación matemática de
problemas, crea en los estudiantes una capacidad y habilidad necesarias para la solución de
posibles problemas prácticos.
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo proponer una estrategia metodológica que posibilite
estructurar de modo sistémico el desarrollo de la habilidad de modelar, teniendo en cuenta la
clasificación de los principales modelos matemáticos para las ingenierías; según la teoría o técnica
utilizada en su elaboración, la naturaleza de los procesos que desarrollan, su estructura matemática
y otras, sin obviar por supuesto, el perfil del profesional de estas carreras y las principales
categorías didácticas del proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje.
Palabras claves: matemática, modelación, ingeniería.
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Abstract
There is a huge gap between the mathematical skills required by the engineer, primarily related to the activities
of modeling, interpreting, communicating in precise language, etc., And skills that form in the courses of
Mathematics and listed in the programs study, which put the most emphasis on solving activity calculation
exercises. There are several causes of this phenomenon which is not unique to Cuba. Scientific knowledge is
generally conceived by social practices, has emerged and evolved from the practical needs of man, and it has
held on numerous occasions, the study of mathematics as working with abstract concepts, is say away from
human activity. Mathematical modeling of problems from a particular phenomenon creates in students a capacity
and skills needed to solve practical problems.
This paper aims to propose a methodological strategy that enables systemic structure so developing the ability
model, taking into account the classification of the major mathematical models for engineering, according to the
theory or technique used in its preparation, the nature of the processes that develop, their mathematical structure
and others, not forgetting of course the professional profile these races and the main categories of educational
teaching process.
Key words: mathematical, modeling, engineering.
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