Evaluación de la fractura por fatiga del cigüeñal de un motor Diesel. // Evaluation of the crank shaft fatigue failure of a boat diesel engine.
Abstract
En el Trabajo se presentan los resultados de una investigación realizada por el colectivo de Mecánica Aplicada de la
Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica de La Universidad de Cienfuegos, con vistas a esclarecer la causa de la fractura del
cigüeñal de uno de los motores de la Moto Nave “Mar del Sur” de le Empresa EQUITALL.
La investigación del material del cigüeñal arrojó que se trata de acero 30. Los cálculos realizados demostraron, que la
capacidad resistente de este acero es insuficiente para soportar las tensiones que se desarrollan en el codo de salida del
cigüeñal y los factores de seguridad a la fatiga en algunos de los puntos mas críticos del cachete, por donde se produjo la
fractura, dan inferiores a la unidad y la aplicación de la Mecánica de la Fractura Subcrítica, confirmó que la Vida Útil del
árbol con dicho material, es muy limitada.
Palabras claves: Cigüeñal diesel, fractura por fatiga, mecánica de la fractura subcrítica.
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Abstract.
This research paper shows the results of an investigation carried out by the Applied Mechanics staff of the Mechanical
Engineering faculty of the Cienfuegos University. It was developed in order to determine the crankshaft failure causes of
engines of a boat diesel engine.
The crankshaft material investigation showed that it was steel grade 30. The calculations showed that the steel resistance
capacity is not enough to support the stresses produced in the crankshaft output elbow. The fatigue security factors in some
of the most critical areas of the cheek, where the failure took place, are lower than unity. The subcritical fracture mechanics
application confirmed that the shaft working life is quite limited with this steel.
Key words: Diesel crankshaft, fatigue fracture, subcritical fracture mechanics.
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