Identificación experimental de estados de resonancia en la estructura portante de un atomizador. // Experimental identification of resonance states in portable structure of an atomizer.
Abstract
Los atomizadores fabricados por una empresa productora de maquinaria agrícola generan durante su funcionamiento
niveles de ruido que resultan molestos tanto para el operario como para el resto de los habitantes de las zonas donde se
emplean estos equipos, fundamentalmente en tareas vinculadas a la protección de árboles frutales. Para evaluar la situación,
se procedió a realizar mediciones de vibraciones y ruido, las que permitieron cuantificar los niveles de estos parámetros, así
como identificar las principales fuentes que los generan. También se detectó un posible problema de resonancia estructural
que amplifica considerablemente la vibración producida por el giro del ventilador. Con la finalidad de precisar las
características de tal resonancia, se efectuaron nuevas series de mediciones centrando la atención básicamente en el estudio
del comportamiento modal del chasis. El análisis modal experimental realizado sobre la estructura objeto de estudio
permitió comprobar la evidente presencia de estados resonantes. Una vez identificada la causa del problema, se procedió a
simular modificaciones de parámetros físicos sobre el modelo modal obtenido, proponiéndose la variante más apropiada
para su solución.
Palabras claves: Resonancia mecánica, análisis modal, comportamiento dinámico, medición de vibraciones,
frecuencias propias.
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Summary
The atomizers manufactured by an agricultural machinery company generate during their operation levels of noise that are
annoying as much for the operative as for the rest of the inhabitants of the areas where these equipments are used,
fundamentally in tasks linked to the protection of fruit-bearing trees. To evaluate the situation, mensurations of vibrations
and noise were to carried out, wich allowed to quantify the levels of these parameters, as well as to identify the main
sources that generate them. A possible problem of structural resonance was also detected that amplifies the vibration taken
place by the turn of the fan. With the purpose of specifying the characteristics of such resonance, new series of
mensurations were made centering the attention basically in the study of the modal behavior of the chassis. The
experimental modal analysis carried out on the structure allowed to check the evident presence of resonant states. Once
identified the cause of the problem, physical parameters of modifications were simulated on the obtained modal pattern,
intending the most appropriate variant for their solution.
Key words: Mechanical resonance, modal analysis, dynamic behavior, mensuration of vibrations, own
frequencies.
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