Tecnología de desulfuración de fundiciones grises con el fin de obtener hierro con grafito esferoidal // A desulfuration technology for gray iron in order to obtain spheroidal graphite iron
Abstract
En el siguiente trabajo se describe una tecnología de desulfuracíon del hierro fundido gris, tomando como base el ya conocido
método de Volianik (1). En este caso se modificaron algunos parámetros del citado método, adecuándolos a las condiciones
existentes en la Empresa de Fundición de Hierro y Acero de Holguín.( E.F. H. A.)
Como agente desulfurante se empleó carburo de calcio empleado por Volianik. Como agente activador del desulfurante se
utilizó aire comprimido seco. El desulfurante con la granulometría apropiada fue introducido en la cazuela con hierro fundido a
1460 oC, por medio de un dispositivo diseñado y construido para este fin.
Una gráfica con la dependencia entre el tiempo de soplado y el rendimiento fue obtenida. Como resultado se logró establecer
una tecnología de desulfuración que permite disminuir el contenido de azufre en el hierro fundido desde 0,067 hasta 0,0148%
para un rendimiento de 78%.
Palabras claves: Hierro gris, desul furación, hierro nodular.
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Abstract
A desulfuration technology for gray cast iron is shown based on the well-known Volianik’s desulfuration method. In this case
some of its parameters were modified, for fitting them to the existent conditions in the Empresa de Hierro Fundido y Acero de
Holguín (E.F. H. A.).
As desulfuration agent calcium carbide was used instead of lime, as it is usually employed by Volianik.
Dry compressed air was used as activating agent for the calcium carbide. This one, with the proper grain size it was introduced
in a ladle containing 160 RG of melted gray iron at 1460 oC, by means of a mixing device designed and constructed by the
authors.
A graphic dependence between air compressed blowing time and desulfuration efficiency was obtained.
As a result, a desulfuration technology which permits decrease melted gray iron sulfur contain, from 0,067 till 0,0148 %, was
obtained for a yield of 78 %.
Key words: Gray iron, desul furat ion, duct i le iron.
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