Comportamiento a fatiga del vástago de una prótesis para cadera al caminar//Fatigue behavior stem hip prosthesis for walking

Authors

  • Ángel Martínez-Delfín Empresa Cubana de Acero. La Habana
  • Javier García-de-la-Figal-Costales Instituto Superior Politécnico José Antonio Echeverría. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica. La Habana
  • Luís Manuel Rodríguez-Milián Complejo Científico Ortopédico Internacional Frank País. La Habana
  • Reynaldo Rodríguez-Pérez Complejo Científico Ortopédico Internacional Frank País. La Habana

Abstract

La prótesis de cadera consiste en sustituir la parte superior fracturada del fémur por una pieza de material biocompatible. Debido a las cargas aleatorias que sobre esta prótesis actúan al caminar la persona injertada, surge la fatiga sobre la prótesis. En este trabajo se realiza el cálculo a fatiga del vástago de una prótesis de caderas fabricada con acero inoxidable austenítico AISI 316L GrQ y de uso actual. Para ello
se emplea el método de los elementos finitos, considerando la compleja geometría del vástago, el material y las cargas variables resultantes del caminar de la persona con la prótesis artificial colocada. Se calcula el daño a fatiga que estas cargas provocan en la misma así como el número de pasos que pueden darse, garantizándose una larga vida útil de la prótesis por este concepto de resistencia.

Palabras claves: fatiga, prótesis de cadera, ciclo, daño, elementos finitos.
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Abstract

The hip prosthesis consists in substituting the fractured femur part by a piece of biocompatible material. Because the random character of loads acting over this prosthesis while person walk, crop up the fatigue on the prosthesis. The fatigue behavior of austenitic stainless steel hips prosthesis is studied in this article. The method of finite elements is used, considering the complex geometry of the part, the material and the variable acting loads, as results of steps of walking person. The fatigue damages are calculated as well as the number of steps that can be given, guarantying a long life of the prosthesis for fatigue resistance concept.

Key words: fatigue, hip prosthesis, cycle, damage, finite elements.

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How to Cite

1.
Martínez-Delfín Ángel, García-de-la-Figal-Costales J, Rodríguez-Milián LM, Rodríguez-Pérez R. Comportamiento a fatiga del vástago de una prótesis para cadera al caminar//Fatigue behavior stem hip prosthesis for walking. Ing. Mec. [Internet]. 2014 Jan. 2 [cited 2025 Sep. 13];17(1):1-11. Available from: https://ingenieriamecanica.cujae.edu.cu/index.php/revistaim/article/view/472

Issue

Vol. 17 No. 1 (2014): enero-abril

Section

Original article

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