Modelos matemáticos para el cálculo de la fatiga de contacto a partir de la formación de un micropitting // Mathematical models to determine the contact fatigue during the micropitting formation.
Abstract
El presente trabajo
muestra el proceso de obtención de modelos para calcular el número de ciclos
necesarios, durante la formación de microppiting en aleaciones metálicas, sometidas a fatiga de
contacto. En el desarrollo de los modelos se tuvo en consideración la iniciación de microgrietas
debajo de la superficie en aquellos lugares donde, las tensiones tangenciales alcanzan magnitudes
localmente superiores al límite de fluencia del material analizado. Los defectos microestructurales
tales como: límites de grano, frontera de fases, la presencia de nódulos de grafito e inclusiones no
metálicas se tuvieron en cuenta. Para la modelación se utilizaron expresiones que permiten realizar
un balance energético en las diferentes etapas de de incubación y propagación de grietas. Durante
los cálculos se consideró que en el mecanismo de iniciación de grietas estuvo presente la
acumulación de dislocaciones y el incremento local de las tensiones.
Palabras claves: Micropitting, Fatiga de contacto, Modelos matemáticos, Defectos, Grieta.
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Abstract
The present work show the procedure that allow to obtain the mathematical models to determine the
number of necessary cycles during the formation of micropitting in metals alloys subjected to contact
fatigue. During obtaining of the models was takes into account the formation of undersurface
microcracks where the maxims tangential tensions appear, which reach values over the yield point of
materials. Microestructural defects such as grain and face boundary, graphite nodules, nom metallic
particles were also considered to obtain the mathematical equations. Incubation period and
propagation of crack on the material were described using an energetic balance. During the
calculations it was considered that in the mechanism of crack initiation was present the movement of
dislocations and the local increasing of stress. It was determined that irreversibility factor has a
significant influence in the obtaining of mathematics model.
Key words: Micropitting, Contact fatigue, Mathematics model, Defects, Crack.
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