Coste del kWh eólico generado en Cuba, a partir de datos de viento de una región de buenos potenciales eólicos // Cost of the kW h generated with wind energy in Cuba, analyzing the data of wind of a region of good potentials.
Abstract
La detección de defectos en tubos sometidos a presión interna es un aspecto poco estudiado. Uno
de los problemas a resolver es el modelado de los defectos, en particular los del tipo grieta cerrada.
La dinámica de un tubo con un fluido interno a presión implica dificultades adicionales al problema.
Se presentan los principios y las ecuaciones necesarias para poder modelar por el método de los
elementos finitos la presencia de una grieta transversal parcial en un tubo de paredes delgadas en
varios escenarios: vacío, con un fluido interno y con un fluido a presión. El análisis modal es
empleado para determinar los cambios en los parámetros del modelo y valorar la influencia de la
grieta en los mismos. Se parte del experimento de S.M. Murigendrappa y S.K. Maiti, el efecto de la
grieta está representado por una reducción de la rigidez a la flexión del tubo en la zona de extensión
d, cuya extensión es determinada a partir del concepto de energía potencial de la deformación,
planteado por A P. Bovsunovsky y V. V. Matveev.
Palabras claves: grieta cerrada, análisis modal, tubos, elementos finitos.
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Abstract
Fail detection in pipes under internal pressure is a not enough studied matter. A main problem is fault
modeling, particularly the closed crack type. The dynamic of a pipe filled with a fluid under pressure
implies additional challenges. The equations and principles needed to obtain a finite elements model
of a partial transverse crack in a thin walled pipe are shown in different sceneries: empty, filled with
fluid and filled with fluid under certain pressure. A modal analysis is performed to obtain the changes
in modal parameters and crack influence. The result shows a good agreement with those obtained by
S.M. Murigendrappa and S.K. Maiti. The crack is modeled trough a reduction of bending stiffness in a
reduced zone. Its extension is calculated using the principle of equal strain energy between the crack
zone and the model, exposed by A P. Bovsunovsky and V. V. Matveev.
Key words: crack detection, modal analysis, pipes.
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