Comportamiento mecánico de fibras henequén cubano e interfase con polímeros termoplásticos del tipo poliolefina//Mechanical behavior of Cuban henequen fibers and interphase with thermoplastic polymers of the polyolefin family

Authors

  • Daniel Díaz-Batista Instituto Superior Politécnico José Antonio Echeverría. La Habana
  • Daniel Díaz-Forcelledo Instituto Superior Politécnico José Antonio Echeverría. La Habana
  • Marta Mazorra-Mestre Instituto Superior Politécnico José Antonio Echeverría. La Habana
  • José Luis Valín-Rivera Universidad de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo

Abstract

El aprovechamiento de las fibras lignocelulósicas de agave fourcroydes o henequén, cultivado en las condiciones de Cuba,  para el diseño de un material compuesto con matriz de termoplástico, demandó conocer su comportamiento mecánico y el de la interfase con los polímeros propuestos como matriz. Se ensayaron fibras de la región de Limonar provincia de Matanzas, encontrándose valores de resistencia típicos de 500 MPa, mostrándose además estadísticas de otros parámetros como el área de la fibra y la relación perímetro-área. La interacción con polietileno de baja densidad dio como resultado un valor de resistencia al corte interfacial de 5,6 MPa, en cambio utilizando el copolímero de etileno 1-hexeno se alcanzó 8,4 MPa. Para estas condiciones se obtuvo longitudes críticas de 8,1 milímetros y menores. Se presentó una forma de preparación de las muestras para el ensayo de desprendimiento a tracción y un diseño de dispositivo para llevar a cabo esta prueba.

Palabras clave: henequén, polímero termoplástico, fibra lignocelulósica, interfase, material compuesto

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Abstract

Incorporating fibers from agave fourcroydes, also named henequen, grown in Cuban farm conditions, into thermoplastic-matrix compositedesign took evaluating mechanical behavior of both the fiber and interphase with polymeric matrix candidates. Fibers from Limonar area in the province of Matanzas were tested, finding 500 MPa as typical tensile strength value. Statistical of fiber cross sectional area and perimeter to cross sectional area ratio is also showed. Fiber interaction with low density polyethylene yielded an interphase shear strength equal to 5.6 MPa but increased to 8.4 interacting with ethylene 1-hexene copolymer. For these experimental conditions, critical lengths of 8.1 millimeters and shorter were obtained. Are also presented both, an alternative to prepare pull-out test specimens and a device to evaluate them in a universal tensile testing machine.

Keywords: henequen, thermoplastic polymer, lignocellulosic fiber, interphase, pull-out test, composite material

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How to Cite

1.
Díaz-Batista D, Díaz-Forcelledo D, Mazorra-Mestre M, Valín-Rivera JL. Comportamiento mecánico de fibras henequén cubano e interfase con polímeros termoplásticos del tipo poliolefina//Mechanical behavior of Cuban henequen fibers and interphase with thermoplastic polymers of the polyolefin family. Ing. Mec. [Internet]. 2015 Sep. 1 [cited 2025 Sep. 13];18(3):148-57. Available from: https://ingenieriamecanica.cujae.edu.cu/index.php/revistaim/article/view/520

Issue

Vol. 18 No. 3 (2015): septiembre-diciembre

Section

Original article

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