Análisis paramétrico del desempeño térmico de calentadores solares planos de aire de circulación forzada // A parametric analysis of thermal performance of plane solar air heaters in forced regime
Abstract
En esta investigación se realizó el análisis del desempeño energético de los colectores solares planos de aire con cubierta simple operando con circulación forzada. Para el análisis se modeló y simuló el colector mediante técnicas de la Dinámica de los Fluidos Computacional, utilizando el código Fluent 6.3. Se analizó el comportamiento del colector ante la variación de los parámetros de diseño (longitud, altura del canal de aire) y de las condiciones de operación (horario del día/ radiación solar incidente y velocidad del aire). Como resultado se obtuvo la dependencia del rendimiento térmico horario y diario del colector, de la temperatura de salida en función de la longitud del colector, la altura del canal, la radiación incidente y la velocidad del aire. Los resultados obtenidos ofrecen a los diseñadores de calentadores solares planos de aire de las herramientas para mejorar el diseño en función del resultado deseado, sea mayor temperatura de aire entregado, mayor rendimiento o alguna combinación de estos parámetros.
Palabras claves: calentador solar de aire, convección forzada, rendimiento térmico, desempeño energético.
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Abstract
In this work the analysis of the energetic performance of flat solar air heaters with simple cover operating in forced circulation regime was developed. For the analysis, the collector was modelled and simulated with Computational Dynamic Fluid technique, using the Fluent 6.3code.The collector performance versus the change of design parameters (length, air canal height) and the change of operating conditions (the incident solar radiation and air velocity)was analyzed. The graphic dependence and correlations of hourly and daily collector thermal efficiency, of exit air temperature as function of the collector length, of the air canal height, of the air velocity and of solar incident radiation were carried out. The found correlations are useful for the designers of solar air heaters as tools to improve the design in function of desired aim, either higher exit air temperature, higher efficiency or any combination of these parameters
Key words: air solar heater, forced convection, thermal efficiency, energetic performance.
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