Modelación de propiedades y transformaciones de fase a altas temperaturas de aceros 2.25Cr-1Mo // Modeling of properties and phase transformations at high temperatures of 2.25Cr-1Mo steels
Abstract
Se ha hecho común que la soldadura de diferentes elementos de acero pase por un proceso de simulación. Ello permite abaratar los costos de producción y disminuir las soldaduras de prueba. Sin embargo, un problema frecuente en la simulación de procesos de soldadura es la amplia gama de composiciones de los diferentes aceros que son soldados y con estas la variación de las propiedades térmicas y mecánicas lo que puede afectar los resultados de la simulación. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo analizar los valores de las propiedades termo-físicas y mecánicas termo-dependientes y diagramas necesarios a altas temperaturas para la simulación de un proceso de soldadura de aceros 2.25Cr-1Mo partiendo de las composiciones brindadas en la literatura especializada. Para ello se empleó un software que permitió el modelado de estas propiedades atendiendo a la composición química del material cotejando los valores alcanzados con los resultados obtenidos experimentalmente. Se obtuvieron las propiedades térmicas y las mecánicas que se precisan para desarrollar la simulación de un proceso de soldadura. Las propiedades termo-dependientes y los diagramas a temperaturas cercanas al punto de fusión necesarios para la simulación de un proceso de soldadura de un acero 2.25Cr-1Mo obtenidos mediante modelación se encuentran en correspondencia con los reportados en la literatura especializada.
Palabras claves: modelación de materiales; propiedades termo-mecánicas; comportamiento microestructural.
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Abstract
It has become common for the welding of different steel elements to go through a simulation process. This enables lower production costs and lower test welds. However, a frequent problem in the simulation of welding processes is the wide range of compositions of the different steels that are welded and with these the variation of the thermal and mechanical properties, which can affect the simulation results. The objective of this work was to analyze the values of thermo-physical and thermo-dependent mechanical properties and diagrams necessary at high temperatures for the simulation of a 2.25Cr-1Mo steel welding process based on the compositions provided in the specialized literature. For this, a software was used that allowed the modeling of these properties according to the chemical composition of the material, comparing the values achieved with the results obtained experimentally. The thermal and mechanical properties required to develop the simulation of a welding process were obtained. The thermo-dependent properties and the diagrams at temperatures close to the melting point necessary for the simulation of a welding process of a 2.25Cr-1Mo steel obtained by modeling are in correspondence with those reported in the specialized literature.
Key words: material modeling; thermo-mechanical properties; microstructural behavior.
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