Método gráfico para evaluar la utilización de autos en flotas de arrendamiento // Graphical approach for classifying cars utilization in rental fleets
Abstract
Los nomogramas son instrumentos que facilitan la interpretación del cálculo numérico, a partir de la representación gráfica de ecuaciones con un nivel práctico de precisión. El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo presentar el nomograma denominado Gráfico de Estado de la Racionalidad, (concebido por los autores) y su empleo para clasificar el nivel de racionalidad con que se usan los vehículos. El nomograma permitió simplificar la evaluación práctica y periódica de los vehículos. En la investigación se efectuó el análisis de autos en flotas de arrendamiento atendiendo a varios criterios. La flota se segmentó en bloques homogéneos de acuerdo al modelo de auto, la temporada y el tiempo en explotación. Finalmente, se constató que la influencia en el impacto económico negativo del tiempo inactivo de los vehículos es mayor que la del tiempo fuera de servicio, lo que es contrario al criterio generalmente aceptado en el que, el mantenimiento es la causa fundamental de la irracionalidad en el uso de los vehículos e indica la necesidad de tomar decisiones asociadas a la función de operaciones.
Palabras claves: nomogramas, Gráfico de Estado de la Racionalidad, autos en flotas de arrendamiento.
Abstract
Nomograms are instruments that facilitate the interpretation of numerical calculation, based on the graphic representation of equations with a practical level of precision. This article aims to show the nomogram called Graphic of State of Rationality, conceived by the authors and its use, for classifying the degree of rationality of the use of vehicles. The Nomogram allows simplifying the practical and periodic evaluation of vehicles. In the investigation, the analysis of lease fleets was carried out according to several criteria. The fleet was segmented in homogeneous blocks according to the car model, the season and the time in exploitation. Finally, it was defined that the influence on the negative economic impact of the inactive time of vehicles is greater than that the time out of service, which is contrary to the generally accepted criteria in which, maintenance is the fundamental cause of irrationality in the use of vehicles and indicates the need of decision -making associated with the operations function.
Key words: nomograms, Graphic of State of Rationality, lease fleets.
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