Diseño y fabricación de un molde metálico para fundición de aluminio // Design and manufacture of a metal mold for cast aluminum
Abstract
El objetivo del trabajo fue diseñar y manufacturar un molde metálico para obtener semiproductos de aluminio para maquinado. Se diseñó partiendo del plano de pieza final y se emplea una metodología conocida para obtener las dimensiones del molde. Se simuló empleando un software o editor gráfico para procesos de fundición, que usó el método de los elementos finitos, para ofrecer una solución completa y buscar un resultado satisfactorio. Para la manufactura se aplicaron los métodos modernos de elaboración mecánica con gastos mínimos de trabajo, materiales y tiempo. Las técnicas de diseño por software devuelven resultados que concuerdan con los experimentales obtenidos, validando positivamente los resultados de la simulación. Se establecieron los parámetros de explotación del molde y se obtuvieron muestras fundidas que se analizaron, coincidiendo, tanto los parámetros como los resultados de los análisis, con los resultados teóricos.
Palabras claves: molde metálico, diseño, fundición, maquinado.
Abstract
The aim of the following work is the design and manufacture of a gravity die casting permanent mold for semi-products of aluminum-based alloys. It is designed based on the final piece plane and a known methodology is used to obtain the dimensions of the mold. It is simulated using a software or graphical editor for casting processes, which uses the finite element method, to provide a complete solution and find a satisfactory result. Modern methods of mechanics were applied for manufacturing with minimal costs of work, materials and time. Software design techniques yield results that match the experiments obtained, positively validating the results of the simulation. The mold exploitation parameters were established, and casting samples were obtained that were analyzed, coinciding both, the parameters and the analyses results, with the theoretical results.
Key words: metal mould; design; casting; machining.
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