Sistema de gasificación para el tratamiento de los residuos forestales en comunidades rurales turísticas // Gasification system for the treatment of forest waste in rural tourist communities

Authors

  • Eduardo Miguel Matheu Muñiz Universidad Tecnológica de La Habana José Antonio Echeverría, Centro de Estudios de Tecnologías Energéticas Renovables; CETER. La Habana, Cuba.
  • Ileana Pereda Reyes Universidad Tecnológica de La Habana José Antonio Echeverría, Centro de Estudios de Ingeniería de Procesos, CIPRO. La Habana, Cuba
  • Deny Oliva Merencio Universidad Tecnológica de La Habana José Antonio Echeverría, Centro de Estudios de Tecnologías Energéticas Renovables, CETER. La Habana, Cuba.
  • Cesar Arnaldo Cisneros Ramírez Universidad Tecnológica de La Habana José Antonio Echeverría, Centro de Estudios de Tecnologías Energéticas Renovables, CETER. La Habana, Cuba.
  • Arnold Jannsen Ghent University, Department of Architecture & Urban Planning. Gent, Belgyum

Abstract

En la última década se ha evidenciado un notable incremento en la producción mundial de gas de síntesis procedente de la gasificación de la biomasa; este proceso constituye una vía de aprovechamiento energético a partir de la conversión termoquímica de residuos forestales. El objetivo fue realizar el análisis energético de un sistema de gasificación de la biomasa forestal residual en el complejo eco-turístico Las Terrazas con la finalidad de obtener energía útil. Se desarrolló un modelo en el software SuperPro Designer para la gasificación de este tipo de recurso biomásico; que permite predecir la evolución de la composición del gas pobre en función de la temperatura y la composición elemental de la biomasa forestal. Para el gas producto de la gasificación se obtiene un valor de poder calórico de 5;87 MJ/m3. En el bloque de potencia; constituido por una turbina a gas con generador eléctrico acoplado; se logra generar electricidad con una capacidad de 620;42 kW; unos 2 948;24 MWh de energía eléctrica al año. Con el calor residual de los gases de escape de la turbina; se propone generar 0;5 kg/s de vapor para la cocción de alimentos y para el sistema de agua sanitaria de varias instalaciones de servicio del complejo eco-turístico.

Palabras claves: biomasa forestal; gas de gasificación; ciclo de potencia; ciclo combinado de calor y potencia.

Abstract

In the last decade; there has been a notable increase in the world production of synthesis gas from biomass gasification; this process constitutes a way for energy utilization from the thermochemical conversion of forest residues. The objective was to carry out an energy analysis using a residual forest biomass gasification system at the Las Terrazas eco-tourist complex in order to obtain useful energy. A model was developed in the SuperPro Designer software for the gasification of this type of biomass resource; which allows for predicting the evolution of the composition of the lean gas as a function of temperature and the elemental composition of the forest biomass. For the gas produced by gasification; a calorific value of 5.87 MJ/m3 is obtained. In the power block; consisting of a gas turbine with a coupled electric generator; electricity generation is achieved with a capacity to generate. With the waste heat from the turbine's exhaust gases; it is proposed to generate 0.5 kg/s as steam for cooking food and for the sanitary water system of various service facilities of the eco-tourist complex.

Key words: forest biomass; syngas; power cycle; combined heat and power cycle

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Published

2023-05-01

How to Cite

1.
Matheu Muñiz EM, Pereda Reyes I, Oliva Merencio D, Cisneros Ramírez CA, Jannsen A. Sistema de gasificación para el tratamiento de los residuos forestales en comunidades rurales turísticas // Gasification system for the treatment of forest waste in rural tourist communities. Ing. Mec. [Internet]. 2023 May 1 [cited 2025 Sep. 13];26(2):e674. Available from: https://ingenieriamecanica.cujae.edu.cu/index.php/revistaim/article/view/738

Issue

Vol. 26 No. 2 (2023): mayo-agosto

Section

Original article

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