Remodelación ósea a través del Modelo de Stanford // Bone remodeling through the Stanford´s Model.
Abstract
El material óseo es radicalmente distinto a cualquier otro material tratado por la mecánica clásica,
su estructura es heterogénea y anisótropa, y sus propiedades mecánicas varían no solo entre
distintos individuos, sino también, para un mismo hueso. En los tratamientos e intervenciones
quirúrgicas donde está presente la readaptación, el crecimiento inducido del hueso puede ser
modelado mediante el empleo de los criterios de remodelación ósea interna propuesto por algunos
autores (Cowin y R. Huiskes, R. Carter, Doblare y García, Jacob y Beaupré y otros).
En este trabajo se toma el modelo de remodelación ósea propuesto por Jacob (1994) y se
implementa con la utilización del programa Abaqus 6.4 utilizando una subrutina de usuario (UMAT),
se aplico a un modelo 2D de hueso genérico con un sistema de cargas para comprobar los efectos
de la remodelación y las variaciones de los valores de densidad. Como parte del trabajo fueron
creados dos programas para el procesamiento de los datos, para un análisis de resultados fuera del
visualizador del Abaqus, logrando una apreciación cualitativamente y cuantitativamente de los
resultados.
Palabras claves: remodelación ósea, elementos finitos, biomecánica.
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Abstract
The bone material is radically different to any other material tried by the classic mechanics, its
structure is heterogeneous and anisótropic, and its mechanical properties not vary alone among
different individuals, but also, for oneself bone. In the medical treatments and surgical
interventions where it is present the readaptation, the induced growth of the bone can be modeled
by means of the employment of the approaches of remodeling bone intern proposed by some
authors (Cowin and R. Huiskes, R. Crankcase, I will Doblare & García, Jacob & Beaupré and other).
In this work it takes the pattern of bone remodelling proposed by Jacob (1994) and it is
implemented with the use of the software Abaqus using user's subroutine (UMAT), its applies a
model 2D of generic bone with a system of loads to check the effects of the remodelling and the
variations of the values of density. As part of the work two software were created for the
prosecution of the data, for an analysis of results outside of the visualizador of the Abaqus,
achieving a qualitative and quantitative appreciation of the result.
Key words: bone remodelling, finite elements method, biomechanic, jacob´s model
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