Estudio mecánico e hidrodinámico de un reactor de gasificación de lecho fluidizado. // Mechanic and hydrodynamic study of a fluidized bed gasification reactor.
Abstract
Se realizó una simulación mediante Elementos Finitos y CFD de un prototipo de gasificador experimental a partir de una
geometría propuesta. Se abordan aspectos termomecánicos, al calcularse las deformaciones originadas en el equipo,
producto de su peso, en las condiciones de emplazamiento y la carga térmica a la que se somete. También se considera el
flujo multifásico gas-sólido presente en el lecho fluidizado, se determina el rango de presiones y velocidades de trabajo del
dispositivo, y se estudia la evolución del flujo. Para ello se utiliza el modelo de fuerza de arrastre y presión de sólido de
Gidaspow, así como los criterios de velocidad mínima de fluidización de Wen & Yu y Kunii & Levenspiel.
Palabras claves: Gasificación, lecho fluidizado, CFD, FEM, flujo multifásico.
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Abstract.
A Finite Element and CFD simulations were conducted to a prototype of experimental gasifier, starting from a proposed
geometry. Thermomechanic aspects are briefed, calculating the reactor deformation, due to its weight and the thermic load.
The gas-solid multiphase flow, present on the fluidized bed was also considered, the working range for the pressure and
velocity fields were determined and the flow evolution was studied. The drag force and solid pressure models by
Gidaspow, and the minimum fluidization velocity criteria, by Wen & Yu and Kunii & Levenspiel were used.
Key words: gasification, fluidized bed, CFD, Finite Element, Multiphase Flow.
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