Estudio preliminar para el diseño de una máquina productora de bloques con suelos estabilizados. // Preliminary study for the design of a block machine producer with stabilized soil.
Abstract
El diseño final de una máquina termina después de construirse un prototipo y verificar que funcione correctamente. No
obstante, antes de construir el prototipo se puede modelar el equipo para detectar problemas que puedan surgir en la
propuesta inicial. La idea anterior se aplicó en una máquina para la producción de bloques a partir de suelo estabilizado.
Los esquemas, cinemático y estructural de la máquina, se hicieron a partir del análisis de equipos similares y de ideas
propias. Se incluyó un sistema de accionamiento óleo hidráulico para obtener una fuerza de compactación elevada y tener
una alta productividad de bloques con la calidad requerida. Posteriormente, se determinó, de forma experimental, la fuerza
de compactación aplicada a un suelo estabilizado, para producir bloques que resistan un esfuerzo a compresión establecido
por la norma de calidad. Con la fuerza de compactación definida, se modelaron las partes peligrosas del equipo, en un
programa de elementos finitos. Se muestran los resultados, señalándose como en algunos elementos, la propuesta original
fallaba, proponiéndose nuevas soluciones.
Palabras claves: Diseño mecánico, suelo estabilizado, método de elementos finitos.
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Abstract
The final design of machine finishes after built a prototype and verify that it works correctly. Nevertheless, before building
the prototype you can model the equipment in order to detect problems that can arise in the initial proposal. The previous
idea was applied in a machine for the production of blocks starting from stabilized soil. The schemes, cinematic and
structure of the machine, were made starting from the analysis of similar equipment and of own ideas. A system of oil
hydraulic power was included allowing a high force of compression and having a high block productivity with the required
quality. Later on, it was determined, in an experimental way, the compression force applied to a stabilized soil, allows
blocks to resist an effort to compression settled down by the norm of quality. The dangerous parts of the equipment were
modelled in a finite elements program, with the force of defined compression. The results are shown, pointing out that in
some elements, the original proposal failed and intending new solutions were made.
Key words: Machine design of equipment, stabilized soil, finite elements.
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