Diseño del mecanismo de giro de la estatua que corona la cúpula de la Lonja del Comercio de la Habana. // Turning sistem design of the Mercurio statue located in the dome of the Lonja del Comercio de la Habana.
Abstract
A partir de una solicitud de la Oficina del Historiador de la Habana se conformó un grupo de trabajo integrado por los
autores antes mencionados para diseñar un mecanismo de giro, bajo la acción del viento, que permitiera que la estatua del
mitológico Mercurio, ubicada en la cúpula de la Lonja del Comercio de La Habana, pudiera girar y de esta forma presentar
la menor resistencia a la fuerte acción del viento que se genera en la señalada zona.
Para evaluar la resistencia de los elementos que componen el mecanismo, determinar la calidad de los materiales a emplear,
definir los refuerzos necesarios y precisar el apriete de los pernos de fijación se utilizó el Método de los Elementos Finitos,
el cual a través de la modelación físico matemática del sistema permite obtener las isozonas de tensiones equivalentes, las
isozonas de desplazamientos y las fuerzas actuantes en los lugares de fijación.
Como resultado del trabajo realizado se diseñó y construyó el mecanismo de giro para la estatua, el que se encuentra
instalado y funcionando de acuerdo a los requisitos solicitados desde el pasado mes de marzo del año en curso.
Palabras claves: diseño, rodetes de bola, resistencia mecánica, elementos finitos.
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Abstract.
By request of the Havana Historian Office is created a group composed by the authors in order to design a turning
mechanism, under the action of wind, for the statue of Mercurio, been located in the dome of the Lonja del Comercio de La
Haban. This turning system should be design with the minor resistance to the strong action of the wind generated in the
signal zone.
In order to evaluate the resistance of the elements for the mechanism, the quality of the materials to define the necessary
reinforcements and specify the fasteners of fixation, the Finite Elements Method was utilized. The physical mathematical
model of the system allowed to get the isozones of equivalent stresses, the isozones of displacements and the forces in the
joining.
As a result of the carried out work was designed and constructed the turning mechanism for the statue, wich is installed and
operates according the solicited requirements since of March of 2001.
Keywords: design, ball bearing, mechanical resistance, finite elements method.
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