Estudio experimental sobre el comportamiento del hierro austemperado nitrurado (adi) a la fatiga de contacto. // Experimental study to contact fatigue behavior of nitrided-austempered ductile iron.
Abstract
En el presente trabajo se muestra un estudio sobre el hierro fundido austemperado nitrurado sometido a pruebas de fatiga de
contacto. El mismo se austenitizó y austemperó a las temperaturas de 900 y 3800C respectivamente, seleccionándose en
ambos casos un tiempo de 2 horas. Después se le aplicó un proceso de nitruración gaseosa a 5700C durante 6 horas.
Las experiencias fueron realizadas en una máquina para el ensayo de fatiga de contacto con discos. Las presiones
Hertzianas utilizadas fueron de 1.73, 1.78, 2.04, 2.41, 2.46 y 2.71 GPa.
La composición de fases se determinó utilizando la difracción de rayos X, evidenciándose la presencia de los compuestos e
(Fe2-3N) y g¢ (Fe4N). Los defectos tales como: pittings spalls y grietas fueron observados por medio de la microscopía
electrónica de barrido (SEM). Los resultados indicaron que la capa nitrurada entre 5 y 6 micras de espesor desaparece bajo
la acción de las presiones de contacto. Por otra parte se pudo detectar una disminución de la resistencia a la fatiga en el ADI
nitrurado cuando fueron utilizadas bajas presiones Hertzianas También se comprobó que los nódulos de grafito actúan
como barreras a la propagación de grietas.
Palabras claves: Fatiga de contacto, Capa nitrurada, hierro dúctil austemperado, máquina de fatiga con
discos, rayos X.
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Abstract
This paper presents a study on the behavior of nitrided austempered ductile iron (ADI) under contact fatigue tests. ADI was
austenitized at 9000C for 2 hours and austempered at 380oC for 2 hours. Later, the ADI was nitrided at 570oC for a period
of 6 hours.
The contact fatigue tests were carried out using a disc test machine. Hertzian pressures of 1.73, 1.78, 2.04, 2.41, 2.46 and
2.71 were used during the tests.
The phase composition of nitride layer was determined using X-ray analysis, which detected the presence of the e and g¢
phases. The pitting, spalls and cracks that appeared on the surface were observed in a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
The results indicated that the white nitrided layer from 5 to 6 μm deep on ADI disappeared during the contact fatigue tests.
Also it was confirmed the decrease of the endurance limit of nitrided ADI for the lowest Hertzian pressures. Moreover it
was detected that the graphite nodules act as a barrier to propagation of cracks.
Key words: Contact fatigue, nitrided layer, austempered ductile iron, discs test machine.
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