Ángulo de inclinación preferente para calentadores solares operando en régimen de circulación natural en Cuba // Preferred tilt angle for solar heaters operating in natural circulation regime in Cuba
Abstract
En el trabajo se realizó la modelación de un colector solar plano para calentamiento de aire operando en régimen de convección natural en las condiciones de Cuba. Se determinó el ángulo de inclinación del colector que permita obtener la mayor extracción de energía con un mayor rendimiento energético anual de la instalación. Para ello se realiza la simulación del colector variando su ángulo de inclinación, buscando así el de mayor eficiencia. El análisis se realizó siguiendo una aproximación numérica siguiendo el método de los volúmenes finitos. El cálculo fue realizado en estado estacionario y bajo régimen turbulento de flujo. Fue obtenido el ángulo de inclinación con mayor rendimiento energético entre 45 y 50 grados. Debido a la similitud entre el comportamiento del flujo de masa y la eficiencia media anual es el flujo de masa y su influencia en el calor útil el efecto predominante en los cambios de eficiencia. Existe asimetría en el perfil de velocidades del colector pues se alcanzan las mayores velocidades en la mitad inferior del colector.
Palabras claves: colector de aire solar; ángulo de inclinación; convección natural; CFD, computacional fluid dinamiycs.
Abstract
The best tilt for solar air collector working in natural convection regime under Cubans conditions. The paper dealt with the modeling of a flat solar collector for air heating operating in a natural convection regime in Cuba. The angle of tilt for the collector which allows the greatest extraction of energy and a greater annual energy efficiency of the installation was determined. The collector simulation is performed by varying the tilt angle, looking for the one with the highest efficiency. A numerical approach following the finite volume method was applied. The calculations were carried out in steady state and the flow regime was turbulent. The tilt angle having the best energy efficiency was obtained ranging from 45o to 50o. Due to the similarity between the mass flow behavior and annual average efficiency, the mass flow and its influence on useful heat are the predominant effect in the efficiency changes. An asymmetric velocity profile was found since the higher speeds are reached in the lower half of the collector.
Key words: tilt angle; natural convection; CFD. computacional fluid dinamiycs.
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- 2021-11-09 (2)
- 2021-09-01 (1)
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