Análisis del sistema de alimentación de un molde permanente para pistón de aluminio fundido // Gating system analysis of permanent molds for aluminum piston
Abstract
Los métodos de modelado y simulación de procesos de fundición se realizan a través de softwares. Esto permite una reducción de tiempo y costos en pruebas tecnológicas. Como parte fundamental de cualquier molde de fundición está el sistema de alimentación, componente del diseño del cual depende el correcto llenado y solidificación de la pieza. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el sistema de alimentación de un molde permanente metálico por fundición a gravedad para la obtención de un pistón de aleación de aluminio de motor de combustión interna, usando los softwares CAD/CAE para su modelación y simulación por elementos finitos. Se evaluó, simuló y planteó una modificación para dar una solución viable y económica, obteniendo un satisfactorio ciclo de llenado y solidificación que permite reducir al mínimo los rechazos actuales del molde original. La simulación de la propuesta está en correspondencia con los experimentos realizados físicamente.
Palabras claves: pistón de aluminio fundido; molde permanente; sistema de alimentación; método de elementos finitos.
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Abstract
The methods of modelling and simulation of casting processes are carried out by means of software. This allows a reduction of time and costs in technological tests. As fundamental part of any casting mould is the feeding system, a component of the design on which the correct filling and solidification of the part depends. The aim of this work was to evaluate the feeding system of a permanent metal mould by gravity casting to obtain an aluminum alloy piston for an internal combustion engine, using CAD/CAE software for its modelling and simulation by finite elements. A modification was evaluated, simulated and proposed to provide a viable and economical solution, obtaining a satisfactory filling and solidification cycle that minimizes the current rejects of the original mould. The simulation of the proposal is in correspondence with the experiments carried out physically.
Key words: aluminum piston casting; permanent molds; filled system; Finite Element Method.
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