A parametric analysis of a dual channel solar air collector working in forced flow regime // Análisis paramétrico de un colector solar de aire con dos canales trabajando en régimen forzado
Abstract
Los colectores solares de aire son empleados en procesos de calentamiento y secado con mucha frecuencia. El modelo más distribuido es el colector solar plano. Este modelo está formado por una placa metálica que recibe directamente la radiación solar que atraviesa una cubierta de vidrio. Cuando el flujo de aire atraviesa dos canales separados, la placa absorbedora se localiza entre ambos canales. La simulación numérica de un colector solar de aire permite estudiar el comportamiento de diferentes configuraciones geométricas, evitándose así la realización de experimentos caros y demorados. La mejor localización de la placa absorbedora es el objetivo de este trabajo. El estudio se desarrolló bajo régimen turbulento de flujo y fueron modeladas once posiciones para la placa. Cuando el comportamiento termohidráulico es considerado, la mejor configuración fue la denominada 35 - 45. La configuración fue la que presentó la mayor eficiencia energética y la mayor eficiencia exergética. Una eficiencia térmica de 85.75 % fue alcanzada por la configuración mencionada bajo una radiación solar de 800 W/m2. Las pérdidas de calor a través de la cubierta y fondo del colector son responsables de los resultados finales obtenidos.
Palabras claves: colector solar de aire; canal dual; dinámica de los fluidos computacional; energía renovable.
Abstract
Air solar collectors are employed frequently in heating and drying process. The most distributed model is probably the flat solar collector. The model consists of a flat plate receiving directly the solar radiation passing through a glazing top surface. When the air flow through two separated channels, the absorber plate is located in between them. Numerical modelling allows to study the performance of multiples geometric configurations, avoiding expensive experiments. The objective of this research is to determine the best location for the plate located inside the channel of an air solar collector. The numerical study is carried on inside the turbulent flow regime and eleven different positions for the plate were modeled. When the thermohydraulic behavior is considered, the configuration with the best performance was the named 35-45. The configuration presented both, the higher effective thermal efficiency and exergetic efficiency. An effective thermal efficiency value about 85.75 % was reached by the 35-45 configuration under a solar energy radiation of 800 W/m2. The heat losses from the cover and from the bottom are responsible by the final outcomes.
Key words: solar air collector; dual channel; computational flow dynamics; renewable energy.
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